Physical Climate Risk: IFRS S2, ISSB and TSRS Compared
A side-by-side comparison of how TSRS, IFRS S2, and the post-Omnibus CSRD treat physical climate risk — including Türkiye’s doubled 2026 thresholds and the start of limited assurance.
A side-by-side comparison of how TSRS, IFRS S2, and the post-Omnibus CSRD treat physical climate risk — including Türkiye’s doubled 2026 thresholds and the start of limited assurance.
How location-based physical climate risk feeds into PD, LGD, RWA, and capital for banks — with a sample simulation and the 2025-2027 BDDK and EBA timeline.
What Nordea’s net-zero 2050 targets, PCAF methodology, and ESG risk framework teach Turkish banks facing TSRS, the BDDK climate guide, and YVO reporting.
A 12-question checklist for screening physical climate risk providers — covering model transparency, uncertainty handling, assurance-readiness, and local backtesting against Türkiye’s recent events.
Türkiye’s 2025 fire season struck 53 provinces, and in 2026 flames reached an industrial zone in Torbalı. A guide to the fire-climate link, the numbers behind the seasons, and early warning.
Floods are becoming more frequent and more intense with climate change. From Rize-Artvin 2025 to Hatay 2026, we break down flood types, what the numbers show, and the role of location-based risk analysis.
Drought comes in four linked types — meteorological, agricultural, hydrological and socioeconomic. İzmir’s 2025 water crisis showed the chain end to end, and coarse global model grids explain why it went unseen.
In this study, the effects of radiator heating and underfloor heating systems on indoor temperature distribution, heating rate, and thermal stratification were investigated using CFD
A neighboring building can significantly alter the wind flow around the main structure. However, this effect is not governed only by the distance between the
When calculating wind loads in dense urban environments, the dimensions of the main building are not the only factor. Nearby structures can also change the
Imagine a building, and you want to calculate the wind-induced facade loads. For this, you have 3 options, Although wind tunnel tests are not often
Numerical simulations are typically validated either experimentally or analytically, using simplified benchmark cases that can be solved with classical methods. This study starts exactly from