Türkiye Climate Regulation Timeline
Last updated: 26 September 2026 · Next scheduled review: 30 October 2026 · Every row links to its official source; expected or pending steps carry the expected label.
Climate obligations in Türkiye come from several linked instruments rather than one law: Climate Law No. 7552, the Türkiye Emissions Trading System (ETS) regulation and its pilot-phase decision, the local climate action plan duty of all 81 provinces, the Türkiye Sustainability Reporting Standards (TSRS, the national adoption of the ISSB’s IFRS S1 and IFRS S2), the banking regulator BDDK’s climate risk guidance and green asset ratio, the Türkiye Green Taxonomy and, for exporters, the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). This page puts their dates in one table: what entered into force when, who is in scope, what is required and where the official text is.
This page is for information only and is not legal advice. To determine your own obligations, rely on the Official Gazette text of each instrument and the current announcements of the competent authority.
Upcoming dates: October 2026 to December 2027
| Date | Instrument | Who is in scope | What is required | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 Oct 2026 | Türkiye ETS: first Monitoring Methodology Plan for pilot-phase installations | Category B and C installations in electricity generation, cement, iron and steel, aluminium and fertilisers | Electronic submission within 2 months of the regulation’s entry into force on 27 August 2026; the Directorate may extend by up to 6 months | ETS Regulation, Provisional Article 3; KPK/2026/1 announcement |
| 9-20 Nov 2026 | COP31, Antalya (event) | Parties and observers | No obligation; a period to watch for national policy and finance announcements | UNFCCC |
| 31 Dec 2026 | Local climate plans: Provincial Climate Change Coordination Boards established in every province | All 81 provinces; chaired by the governor | Board established and operating | Local Climate Action Plan Regulation, Provisional Article 1 |
| 1 Feb 2027 | EU CBAM: sale of CBAM certificates begins | Authorised CBAM declarants importing cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen into the EU; indirectly, producers in Türkiye | Purchase of certificates for emissions embedded in 2026 and later imports | Regulation (EU) 2025/2083, Article 20(1) |
| 30 Apr 2027 | Türkiye ETS: greenhouse gas emission report for system year 2026 | Pilot-phase installations (2026 is a reporting-only year) | Monitored emissions and activity levels of the previous calendar year reported to the Directorate; extension of up to one month possible | ETS Regulation, Article 29 |
| System year 2027 | Türkiye ETS: price mechanism starts | Pilot-phase installations | Allowance obligations for 2027 emissions; free allocation at 100 percent under the benchmark method during the pilot | KPK/2026/1 announcement |
| 30 Sep 2027 | EU CBAM: first annual CBAM declaration and surrender, for the 2026 import year | Authorised CBAM declarants | Declaration of emissions embedded in goods imported during 2026; every year by 30 September thereafter | Regulation (EU) 2025/2083, Article 6(1) |
| 31 Dec 2027 | Local climate plans: first Local Climate Change Action Plans (2028-2032) adopted | All 81 provinces: metropolitan municipalities, elsewhere the provincial municipality together with the special provincial administration, under governor coordination | Climate risk assessment, provincial GHG inventory, mitigation and adaptation targets, responsible institutions, budget and financing; the Ministry may extend by up to one year | Climate Law, Provisional Article 2; Regulation, Article 6 and Provisional Article 1 |
| 31 Dec 2027 | Climate Law: adaptation of legislation and planning instruments | Institutions named in Articles 5 and 6 of the Law | Preparation and adaptation duties completed; the President may extend by up to one year | Climate Law, Provisional Article 2 |
Full timeline: 2023 to 2029
| Date | Instrument | Who is in scope | What is required | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 29 Dec 2023 | TSRS 1 and TSRS 2 (the IFRS S1 and S2 adoption) and the scope decision published by the Public Oversight Authority (KGK) | Entities named in the decision (companies traded on Borsa Istanbul and other entities regulated by the Capital Markets Board, non-bank financial institutions regulated by BDDK, insurance, reinsurance and pension companies, entities licensed to operate on Borsa Istanbul markets) that exceed at least two of three thresholds in two consecutive reporting periods; banks in scope regardless of size (except those under the deposit insurance fund); portfolio management companies were removed from the mandatory scope by a Board decision of 14 August 2025 | TSRS-compliant sustainability report for financial years starting on or after 1 January 2024; Scope 3 emissions disclosure not mandatory for the first two reporting years | KGK Board decision, Official Gazette 32414 (repeated issue) |
| 5 Sep 2024 | KGK: assurance of sustainability reports becomes mandatory, starting with limited assurance | Companies within TSRS scope | Independent assurance of the sustainability report | KGK announcement 2024-59 |
| 18 Dec 2024 | KGK amends the TSRS scope decision | Companies traded on Borsa Istanbul (other than the Watchlist Market and Venture Capital Market); smaller banks and non-bank financial institutions whose shares are not publicly traded | Companies issuing only non-equity capital market instruments without a public offering are removed from mandatory scope; for banks and non-bank financial institutions whose shares are not traded on Borsa Istanbul and that, as of the previous year-end, have no more than one branch or no more than 250 employees, sustainability reporting is optional for the periods in which they are exempt from Scope 3 disclosure; effective for financial years starting on or after 1 January 2024 | Official Gazette 32756 |
| 17 Jan 2025 | Sustainability Audit Regulation in force | Audit firms and sustainability auditors; reporting companies | Framework for the audit, authorisation and delivery of the assurance report | Official Gazette 32785 |
| 13 Mar 2025 | BDDK guidance on the management of climate-related financial risks (in force 1 July 2025) | Banks; applied in proportion to size and complexity | Identify and quantify climate-related risks; scenario analysis and stress testing; integration into internal capital and liquidity adequacy assessment; board-approved policy | BDDK Board decision 11166 |
| 11 Apr 2025 | BDDK communiqué on the calculation of banks’ green asset ratio | Banks | Calculation and reporting of the green asset ratio and related indicators; reporting starts on 30 June 2025 | Official Gazette 32867 |
| 9 Jul 2025 | Climate Law No. 7552 in force | Public institutions, provincial administrations, installations to be covered by the ETS, the financial sector | ETS established with a pilot phase; 3 years to obtain a greenhouse gas emission permit; local climate plans by 31 December 2027; Türkiye Green Taxonomy; a Turkish CBAM may be established | Official Gazette 32951 |
| 16 Jul 2025 | KGK: Procedures and Principles on the Scope of Application of TSRS in force | All entities assessing whether they fall within the mandatory TSRS scope | To be in scope, an entity must have belonged to one of the categories named in the Board decision for at least two reporting periods and have exceeded at least two of the three thresholds in two consecutive reporting periods; exemptions listed (banks under the deposit insurance fund; companies issuing only non-equity capital market instruments without a public offering; companies on the Watchlist Market and Venture Capital Market; small banks and non-bank financial institutions during the Scope 3 exemption periods); thresholds assessed together with subsidiaries and associates; an entity outside the scope is not brought into it merely because its parent, subsidiary or associate is in scope | Official Gazette 32957 |
| 14 Aug 2025 | KGK Board decision 34844: portfolio management companies removed from the mandatory scope of TSRS | Portfolio management companies regulated by the Capital Markets Board | TSRS is voluntary rather than mandatory for these companies; announced by the KGK on 26 August 2025 | KGK announcement 2025-53 |
| 1 Jan 2026 | EU CBAM definitive period begins | EU importers; indirectly, producers in Türkiye of cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen | Authorised CBAM declarant status for imports above 50 tonnes a year; verifiable embedded emission data from suppliers | European Commission; Regulation (EU) 2025/2083 |
| 16 Jan 2026 | KGK: TSRS scope thresholds redefined | Financial years starting on or after 1 January 2025 | Total assets TRY 1 billion, annual net sales TRY 2 billion, 500 employees; at least two of the three criteria exceeded in two consecutive reporting periods | Official Gazette 33139 |
| 26 Feb 2026 | EU: Directive (EU) 2026/470 narrows the scope of the CSRD | EU companies with more than 1,000 employees and net turnover above EUR 450 million; non-EU groups with EU turnover above EUR 450 million | Shapes the sustainability data EU customers may request from suppliers | Official Journal of the EU |
| 4 Aug 2026 | Regulation on Local Climate Change Action Plans and Provincial Climate Change Coordination Boards | All 81 provinces | Boards by 31 December 2026; first plans for 2028-2032 by 31 December 2027; plans updated every five years | Official Gazette 33330 |
| 27 Aug 2026 | Türkiye Emissions Trading System Regulation in force | Installations carrying out Annex 1 activities; Category A (50,000 t CO2e a year or less), B (50,001 to 500,000 t) and C (above 500,000 t) | Emission permit, monitoring plan, annual emission report by 30 April, verification, surrender of allowances; the 2014 monitoring regulation is repealed | Official Gazette 33353 |
| 3 Sep 2026 | Carbon Market Board decision KPK/2026/1: scope and duration of the pilot phase | Category B and C installations in electricity generation, cement, iron and steel, aluminium and fertilisers | Pilot covers 2026 and 2027 emissions; reporting only in 2026; price mechanism from 2027; free allocation at 100 percent under the benchmark method | Directorate of Climate Change announcement |
| 24 Sep 2026 | Türkiye Green Taxonomy Regulation in force | Companies carrying out Annex 1 activities (may report); banks, brokerage houses, insurance, reinsurance and pension companies | Taxonomy alignment reporting; financial institutions are not obliged to report until 1 January 2029 | Official Gazette 33380 |
| 27 Oct 2026 | Türkiye ETS: first Monitoring Methodology Plan (pilot) | Pilot-phase installations | Within 2 months of entry into force; extension of up to 6 months possible | ETS Regulation, Provisional Article 3 |
| 9-20 Nov 2026 | COP31, Antalya | Parties and observers | Event; no obligation | UNFCCC |
| 31 Dec 2026 | Provincial Climate Change Coordination Boards established | All 81 provinces | Board established | Regulation, Provisional Article 1 |
| 1 Feb 2027 | EU CBAM certificate sales begin | Authorised CBAM declarants | Certificates for 2026 and later imports | Regulation (EU) 2025/2083, Article 20(1) |
| 30 Apr 2027 | Türkiye ETS: emission report for 2026 | Pilot-phase installations | Verified emissions and activity data | ETS Regulation, Article 29 |
| 30 Sep 2027 | EU CBAM: first annual declaration and surrender, for 2026 | Authorised CBAM declarants | Annual declaration; every year by 30 September | Regulation (EU) 2025/2083, Article 6(1) |
| 31 Dec 2027 | Local climate plans adopted; legislation and planning instruments under the Law adapted | All 81 provinces; institutions concerned | First plans (2028-2032); extension powers of one year | Climate Law, Provisional Article 2 |
| 30 Apr 2028 | Türkiye ETS: emission report for 2027 | Pilot-phase installations | Verified emissions and activity data | ETS Regulation, Article 29 |
| 9 Jul 2028 | Türkiye ETS: end of the 3-year period the Law allows for obtaining a greenhouse gas emission permit | Installations to be covered by the ETS | Emission permit from the Directorate; permits are deemed to exist during this period; the Presidency may extend this period by up to two years by decision of the Carbon Market Board | Climate Law, Provisional Article 1; Directorate of Climate Change; ETS Regulation, Provisional Article 2 |
| 1 Jan 2029 | Türkiye Green Taxonomy: reporting exemption for financial institutions ends | Banks, brokerage houses, investment trusts, portfolio management companies, insurance, reinsurance and pension companies | Taxonomy reporting | Taxonomy Regulation, Provisional Article 1 |
Instrument by instrument: who, what, when
Climate Law No. 7552
Türkiye’s first climate law was adopted on 2 July 2025 and entered into force on publication in the Official Gazette of 9 July 2025. It establishes the Emissions Trading System, defines the Carbon Market Board, tasks the Directorate of Climate Change with setting up the Türkiye Green Taxonomy and allows a carbon border adjustment mechanism to be set up for the Turkish customs territory. Under its transitional provisions the ETS starts with a pilot phase in which administrative fines are reduced by 80 percent; installations to be covered must obtain a greenhouse gas emission permit within three years of entry into force; and local climate change action plans must be prepared by 31 December 2027.
Türkiye Emissions Trading System
The operating framework is the Türkiye Emissions Trading System Regulation of 27 August 2026. It sorts installations into three categories by annual emissions (Category A: 50,000 t CO2e or less; B: 50,001 to 500,000 t; C: above 500,000 t) and sets out the emission permit, the monitoring plan, the annual emission report due by 30 April and verification; the 2014 monitoring regulation is repealed. The scope and duration of the pilot phase were fixed by Carbon Market Board decision KPK/2026/1, announced on 3 September 2026: the pilot covers 2026 and 2027 emissions; Category B and C installations in electricity generation, cement, iron and steel, aluminium and fertilisers are in scope; 2026 is a reporting-only year and the price mechanism starts with system year 2027; free allocation is 100 percent under the benchmark method.
expected The Directorate will publish the pilot-phase implementing rules and the method for the complementary allowance price; for later trading periods, benchmark values are announced by the last working day of November of the calendar year before the period starts.
Municipalities and provincial administrations: local climate action plans
Article 7 of the Law requires a Provincial Climate Change Coordination Board chaired by the governor in every province and a local climate change action plan (YİDEP) prepared by the metropolitan municipality in metropolitan provinces and jointly by the provincial municipality and the special provincial administration elsewhere. The regulation of 4 August 2026 fixed the calendar: boards by 31 December 2026; the first plans cover 2028-2032 and are adopted by 31 December 2027 (the Ministry may extend by up to one year); plans are updated every five years. A plan contains the province’s climate risk assessment and adaptation targets, its greenhouse gas inventory and mitigation target, and the responsible institutions, implementation period, monitoring indicators, budget and financing sources for each action. Existing climate risk assessments and hazard maps at provincial and district level are taken into account.
expected A technical guide for preparing the plans will be issued by the Directorate; plans are entered in the E-YİDEP system and published on the national climate portal.
Companies: TSRS 1 and TSRS 2, the IFRS S1 and S2 adoption
TSRS 1 and TSRS 2, issued by the Public Oversight Authority (KGK) on the basis of the ISSB’s IFRS S1 and IFRS S2, were published in the repeated Official Gazette of 29 December 2023. Under the Board decision issued the same day, mandatory scope is limited to specific categories: companies traded on Borsa Istanbul and other entities regulated by the Capital Markets Board (portfolio management companies were removed from the mandatory scope by a Board decision of 14 August 2025), non-bank financial institutions regulated by BDDK, insurance, reinsurance and pension companies, and entities licensed to operate on Borsa Istanbul markets, where at least two of three thresholds are exceeded in two consecutive reporting periods; banks are in scope regardless of size (except those administered by the deposit insurance fund). Mandatory reporting applies to financial years starting on or after 1 January 2024, and Scope 3 emissions disclosure is not mandatory for the first two reporting years. A Board decision of 18 December 2024 narrowed the scope further: companies issuing only non-equity capital market instruments without a public offering were removed from mandatory scope, and for banks and non-bank financial institutions whose shares are not traded on Borsa Istanbul and that, as of the previous year-end, have no more than one branch or no more than 250 employees, sustainability reporting became optional for the periods in which they are exempt from Scope 3 disclosure. The Procedures and Principles published in the Official Gazette of 16 July 2025 clarified that an entity is in scope only if it has belonged to one of the categories named in the decision for at least two reporting periods and has exceeded the thresholds in two consecutive reporting periods, that thresholds are assessed together with subsidiaries and associates, and that an entity outside the scope is not brought into it merely because its parent, subsidiary or associate is in scope; portfolio management companies were removed from the mandatory scope by the Board decision of 14 August 2025. Entities outside the mandatory scope may adopt TSRS voluntarily. A further Board decision published on 16 January 2026 redefined the size thresholds: total assets of TRY 1 billion, annual net sales of TRY 2 billion and 500 employees, applied to financial years starting on or after 1 January 2025, with at least two of the three exceeded in two consecutive reporting periods required to be in scope. Assurance of sustainability reports became mandatory with the KGK decision of 5 September 2024, starting with limited assurance, and the Sustainability Audit Regulation of 17 January 2025 sets the audit framework. TSRS 2 asks for physical climate risks to be assessed over the short, medium and long term with scenario analysis; how that is prepared is explained on our TSRS climate reporting page.
Banks: BDDK guidance, green asset ratio and the green taxonomy
The BDDK’s guidance on the management of climate-related financial risks, dated 13 March 2025, entered into force on 1 July 2025. It asks banks to identify and quantify climate-related financial risks, to include the material ones in their internal capital and liquidity adequacy assessment processes including stress tests, and to assess the resilience of their business model and strategy with scenario analyses covering physical and transition risks. The principles apply in proportion to a bank’s size and complexity. The communiqué on the calculation of banks’ green asset ratio was published on 11 April 2025 and reporting to the BDDK started on 30 June 2025. The Türkiye Green Taxonomy Regulation of 24 September 2026 does not oblige banks, brokerage houses, insurance, reinsurance and pension companies to report until 1 January 2029. How a bank can quantify physical climate risk at portfolio level under this guidance is described on the UrClimate Next page.
EU CBAM and the link to the Türkiye ETS
The definitive period of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism began on 1 January 2026 and covers cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers, electricity and hydrogen. EU importers above 50 tonnes a year must hold authorised CBAM declarant status; certificate sales start on 1 February 2027 and the first annual declaration, for the 2026 import year, is due by 30 September 2027. The obligation sits with the EU importer; what falls to the producer in Türkiye is to supply verifiable embedded emission data for its products. The pilot sectors of the Türkiye ETS (cement, iron and steel, aluminium, fertilisers and electricity generation) largely overlap with the CBAM goods. The EU regulation allows a carbon price effectively paid in the country of origin to be deducted from the number of certificates to be surrendered.
expected The rules for that deduction will be set in an implementing act of the European Commission. A carbon border mechanism of Türkiye’s own is provided for in the Law as an option, with procedures to be set by the Ministry of Trade and no date yet.
EU CSRD and Turkish companies
Directive (EU) 2026/470 narrowed the CSRD to companies with more than 1,000 employees and net turnover above EUR 450 million, and set the same EUR 450 million EU turnover threshold for non-EU groups. For Turkish exporters the practical consequence is that the sustainability and climate data EU customers may request from suppliers now follows this narrower framework. How TSRS, IFRS S2 and the CSRD treat physical climate risk is compared in our comparison article.
How this timeline is kept current
The page is updated by following the Official Gazette, the Directorate of Climate Change, the KGK, the BDDK and the European Commission. A scheduled review takes place in the last week of every month, and the page is reviewed again whenever one of these dates passes or a new instrument is published in the Official Gazette: 27 October 2026, 20 November 2026, 31 December 2026, 1 February 2027, 30 April 2027, 30 September 2027 and 31 December 2027. Past dates are not deleted; they stay in the full timeline. The “last updated” line at the top is refreshed at every review.
To prepare
- Physical climate risk reporting under TSRS 2 and IFRS S2 for companies: TSRS climate reporting in Türkiye
- City GHG inventories and climate risk assessment for municipalities and provinces: SECAP and city GHG inventories and UrClimate Kent
- Portfolio-level physical climate risk for banks: UrClimate Next
- How climate risk reaches bank capital: physical climate risk for banks
Sources
- Climate Law No. 7552 (Official Gazette, 9 July 2025, No. 32951; in Turkish)
- Türkiye Emissions Trading System Regulation (Official Gazette, 27 August 2026, No. 33353; in Turkish)
- Announcement on Carbon Market Board decisions KPK/2026/1 for the pilot phase (Directorate of Climate Change, 3 September 2026; in Turkish)
- Regulation on Local Climate Change Action Plans and Provincial Climate Change Coordination Boards (Official Gazette, 4 August 2026, No. 33330; in Turkish)
- Türkiye Green Taxonomy Regulation (Official Gazette, 24 September 2026, No. 33380; in Turkish)
- KGK Board decision on TSRS 1, TSRS 2 and their scope (Official Gazette, 29 December 2023, No. 32414 repeated issue; in Turkish)
- KGK Board decision amending the TSRS scope (Official Gazette, 18 December 2024, No. 32756; in Turkish)
- KGK Board decision publishing the Procedures and Principles on the Scope of Application of TSRS (Official Gazette, 16 July 2025, No. 32957; in Turkish)
- KGK announcement on the removal of portfolio management companies from the mandatory scope of TSRS (26 August 2025; Board decision of 14 August 2025, No. 34844; in Turkish)
- KGK Board decision redefining the TSRS scope thresholds (Official Gazette, 16 January 2026, No. 33139; in Turkish)
- KGK announcement on mandatory assurance of corporate sustainability reports (5 September 2024; in Turkish)
- Sustainability Audit Regulation (Official Gazette, 17 January 2025, No. 32785; in Turkish)
- Guidance on the Management of Climate-Related Financial Risks (BDDK, 13 March 2025, Board decision 11166; in Turkish)
- Communiqué on the Calculation of Banks’ Green Asset Ratio (Official Gazette, 11 April 2025, No. 32867; in Turkish)
- Regulation (EU) 2025/2083 (simplifying and strengthening the CBAM; Official Journal, 17 October 2025) and the European Commission CBAM page
- Directive (EU) 2026/470 (Official Journal, 26 February 2026)
- COP31, Antalya, 9-20 November 2026 (UNFCCC)